The method of forecasting the environmental costs of the transport sector in St. Petersburg

The subject of research is financial and economic forecasting in the field of control of urban air pollution. The work has as its objective the development new of the approach using forecasts decrease of environmental costs from the side the transport sector from «green technology». For air pollution: following the results of the European research projects ExternE and COPERT new estimates based on the «impact pathway» methodology has been established. Estimates are obtained per kg of the standard types of emissions: PM, SO2, NOx, CO, CO2, HC and etc. The unit costs per kg, which are different for emissions in urban and rural areas, can easily be transformed to costs per vehicle km if representative emission factors in g/km are available for the traffic in question. The unit costs are updated yearly with the changes in prices, average in-come etc. The external cost methods are used on a routine basis for taking into account environmental effects in Cost Benefit analyses of infrastructure projects in in St. Petersburg.