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<article xmlns="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="eps-0.1"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">SciNotesIBI</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="ojs">SciNotesIBI</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ученые записки Международного банковского института</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the International Banking Institute</trans-title></trans-title-group><abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">Proceedings of the International Banking Institute</abbrev-journal-title><abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ученые записки Международного банковского института</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group><contrib-group/><publisher><publisher-name>Международный банковский институт</publisher-name><publisher-loc><country>RU</country><uri>https://www.ibispb.ru/</uri></publisher-loc></publisher><issn pub-type="ppub">2413-3345</issn><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI"/></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">161</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">ЗАКОН ДЕНЕЖНОГО ОБРАЩЕНИЯ И УРАВНЕНИЕОБМЕНА В СВЕТЕ РАЗВИТИЯ СОВРЕМЕННОЙФИНАНСОВОЙ СФЕРЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>LAW OF CASH AND EQUATION EXCHANGE IN THE LIGHTOF MODERN DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL SPHERE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group content-type="author"><contrib><name-alternatives><string-name specific-use="display">ЯКОВЛЕВ Александр Иванович</string-name><name name-style="western" specific-use="primary"><surname>ЯКОВЛЕВ</surname><given-names>Александр Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib><name-alternatives><string-name specific-use="display">ЗАТЕВАХИНА Анна Васильевна</string-name><name name-style="western" specific-use="primary"><surname>ЗАТЕВАХИНА</surname><given-names>Анна Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Economics and Finance of Enterprises and Industries,<br/>ANO HE «International Banking Institute named after Anatoliy Sobchak»,<br/>St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра экономики и финансов предприятий и отраслей,<br/>АНО ВО «Международный банковский институт имени Анатолия Собчака»,<br/>Санкт-Петербург, Россия</p></bio></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff-1"><institution content-type="orgname">Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет «ЛЭТИ» им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина)</institution></aff><aff id="aff-2"><institution content-type="orgname">АНО ВО «Международный банковский институт имени Анатолия Собчака»</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="epub"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><issue seq="12">1 (31)</issue><issue-id>25</issue-id><fpage>148</fpage><lpage>165</lpage><pub-history><event event-type="received"><event-desc>Received: <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-07T13:48:21+00:00"><day>7</day><month>4</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event></pub-history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2020 Ученые записки Международного банковского института</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Ученые записки Международного банковского института</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"><license-p>&lt;a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"&gt;&lt;img alt="Лицензия Creative Commons" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p&gt;Это произведение доступно по &lt;a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"&gt;лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование») 4.0 Всемирная&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/article/download/161/161/560" content-type="application/pdf"/><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/article/view/161"/><abstract><p>Предметом исследования является сравнение закона денежного обращения, сформулированного в работе К. Маркса «Капитал» (1867) и уравнения обмена, а также «исправленного уравнения обмена» Ирвинга Фишера, изложенного им в работе «Покупательная способность денег» (1911). Сравнение противоположных по сути направленийэкономической мысли в области теории денег (марксизм и неоклассика) осуществленос целью верификации простых макроэкономических моделей, описывающих процесс товарно-денежного обращения с позиции основоположников этих направлений, и оценкивсегда заданных, хотя и не всегда явно формализованных условий или ограничений, врамках которых та или иная модель верна. Анализ актуален в свете развития современной финансовой сферы, в частности, с целью построения макроэкономической модели«цифровых денег»</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The subject of the study is a comparison of the law of money circulation formulated inthe work of K. Marx «Das Kapital» (1867) and the equation of exchange, as well as «the revised equation of exchange» by Irving Fisher, which he expounded in the work «The Purchasing Power of Money, its Determination and Relation to Credit, Interest and Crises» (1911).A comparison of essentially opposite directions of economic thought in the field of the theoryof money (marxism and neoclassicism) was carried out with the aim of verifying simple macroeconomic models that describe the process of commodity-money circulation from the positionof the founders of these areas, and evaluating always given, although not always clearly formalized, conditions or restrictions within which this or that model is true. The analysis is relevantin the light of the development of the modern financial sector, in particular, with the aim ofbuilding a macroeconomic model of «digital money».</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en&lt;p&gt;The subject of the study is a comparison of the law of money circulation formulated in&lt;br&gt;the work of K. Marx «Das Kapital» (1867) and the equation of exchange, as well as «the revised equation of exchange» by Irving Fisher, which he expounded in the work «The Purchasing Power of Money, its Determination and Relation to Credit, Interest and Crises» (1911).&lt;br&gt;A comparison of essentially opposite directions of economic thought in the field of the theory&lt;br&gt;of money (marxism and neoclassicism) was carried out with the aim of verifying simple macroeconomic models that describe the process of commodity-money circulation from the position&lt;br&gt;of the founders of these areas, and evaluating always given, although not always clearly formalized, conditions or restrictions within which this or that model is true. The analysis is relevant&lt;br&gt;in the light of the development of the modern financial sector, in particular, with the aim of&lt;br&gt;building a macroeconomic model of «digital money».&lt;/p&gt;"/><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><title>Ключевые слова</title><kwd>Деньги</kwd><kwd>денежные знаки</kwd><kwd>закон денежного обращения</kwd><kwd>уравнение обмена</kwd><kwd>цифровые деньги</kwd><kwd>макроэкономическая модель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Money</kwd><kwd>token money</kwd><kwd>law of monetary circulation</kwd><kwd>equation of exchange</kwd><kwd>digital money</kwd><kwd>simple macroeconomic model</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source xml:lang="en">This research received no external funding.</funding-source></award-group><award-group><funding-source xml:lang="ru">Настоящее исследование не получило внешнего финансирования.</funding-source></award-group></funding-group><counts><page-count count="18"/></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-cover</meta-name><meta-value><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/public/journals/1/cover_issue_25_ru.jpg"/></meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>production-ready-file-url</meta-name><meta-value><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/jatsTemplate/download?submissionFileId=562&amp;fileId=318&amp;submissionId=161&amp;stageId=5"/></meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="R1"><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru_RU">Маркс К . 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