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<article xmlns="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="eps-0.1"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">SciNotesIBI</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="ojs">SciNotesIBI</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ученые записки Международного банковского института</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the International Banking Institute</trans-title></trans-title-group><abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">Proceedings of the International Banking Institute</abbrev-journal-title><abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ученые записки Международного банковского института</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group><contrib-group/><publisher><publisher-name>Международный банковский институт</publisher-name><publisher-loc><country>RU</country><uri>https://www.ibispb.ru/</uri></publisher-loc></publisher><issn pub-type="ppub">2413-3345</issn><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI"/></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">182</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="EDN">ULLANO</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru"><bold>ВЛИЯНИЕ ГЕОПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ 2025 ГОДА НА ДИНАМИКУ НЕФТЯНОГО РЫНКА: ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ ДЛЯ ЭКОНОМИКИ РОССИИ</bold></article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title><bold>INFLUENCE OF GEOPOLITICAL FACTORS IN 2025 ON THE DYNAMICS OF THE OIL MARKET: CONSEQUENCES FOR THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY </bold></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group content-type="author"><contrib><name-alternatives><string-name specific-use="display">ЛОМОНОСОВ Д.А.</string-name><name name-style="western" specific-use="primary"><surname>ЛОМОНОСОВ</surname><given-names>Даниил Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Center of Mathematical Modeling of Economic Processes, </p>
<p>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia</p>
<p>Address: Lomonosov D.A., 119602, Moscow, Vernadsky Ave., 82.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник, Центр математического моделирования экономических процессов, Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации, Москва, Россия</p>
<p>Адрес: 119602, Москва, просп. Вернадского, д. 82.</p></bio></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue seq="6">3 (53)</issue><issue-id>4</issue-id><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><pub-history><event event-type="received"><event-desc>Received: <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-08T08:05:24+00:00"><day>8</day><month>4</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event></pub-history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2025 Ученые записки Международного банковского института</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Ученые записки Международного банковского института</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"><license-p>&lt;a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"&gt;&lt;img alt="Лицензия Creative Commons" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p&gt;Это произведение доступно по &lt;a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"&gt;лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование») 4.0 Всемирная&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/article/download/182/184/640" content-type="application/pdf"/><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/article/view/182"/><abstract><p>В первой половине 2025 года произошло два события, которые способны оказать существенное влияние на глобальную деловую активность и нефтяной рынок: ввод администрацией Трампа тарифных пошлин на импорт и эскалация конфликта между Ираном и Израилем. Высокая зависимость российской экономики от нефтяных цен и экспорта (зарубежного спроса) предполагает, что данные события окажут влияние на отечественные макропоказатели. Это определяет актуальность цели работы: своевременно получить количественные оценки эффектов от данных событий на российскую экономику по их прямому каналу влияния. В качестве метода исследования используется подход байесовских векторных авторегрессий с идентификацией структурных шоков на основе знаковых ограничений. По результатам оценок эффектов данных событий на отечественную экономику при различных сценариях было показано, что вследствие ввода администрацией Трампа торговых пошлин российский ВВП, инвестиции и импорт могут снизиться вплоть до 1,64%, 3,67% и 7,07% соответственно, а реальные доходы и заработные платы населения до 1,25% и 1,03%. Также продемонстрировано, что остановка из-за конфликта поставок иранской нефти на мировой рынок может привести к росту потребления и инвестиций в России (через канал предложения нефти) вплоть до 6,17% и 9,67% соответственно, а реальных заработных плат и доходов населения до 6,68% и 3,09%. При маловероятном, но возможном сценарии блокирования Ираном Ормузского пролива на полугодовой срок эффект на данные макропоказатели аналогичен и усиливается. Таким образом можно сделать вывод, что при определенных условиях проводимая Вашингтоном торговая политика окажет ощутимый негативный эффект на отечественную экономику по итогам 2025 года через канал глобального спроса, а эскалация конфликта на Ближнем Востоке через прямой канал предложения нефти.</p>
<p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the first half of 2025, two events occurred that could have a significant impact on global business activity and the oil market: the introduction of tariff duties on imports by the Trump administration and the escalation of the conflict between Iran and Israel. The high dependence of the Russian economy on oil prices and exports (foreign demand) suggests that these events will affect domestic macroeconomic indicators. This determines the relevance of the goal of the work: to obtain timely quantitative estimates of the effects of these events on the Russian economy through their direct channel of influence. The research method used is the Bayesian vector autoregression approach with the identification of structural shocks based on sign restrictions. Based on the results of assessing the effects of these events on the domestic economy under various scenarios, it was shown that as a result of the introduction of trade duties by the Trump administration, Russian GDP, investment and imports may decrease by up to 1.64%, 3.67% and 7.07%, respectively, and real incomes and wages of the population by up to 1.25% and 1.03%. It has also been demonstrated that the suspension of Iranian oil supplies to the world market due to the conflict may lead to an increase in consumption and investment in Russia (through the oil supply channel) by up to 6.17% and 9.67%, respectively, and real wage and income by up to 6.68% and 3.09%. In the unlikely but possible scenario of Iran blocking the Strait of Hormuz for a period of six months, the effect on these macro indicators is similar and increases. Thus, it can be concluded that, under certain conditions, the trade policy pursued by Washington will have a noticeable negative effect on the domestic economy by the end of 2025 through the global demand channel, and the escalation of the conflict in the Middle East through the direct oil supply channel.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt; line-height: 130%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 130%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;&quot;&gt;In the first half of 2025, two events occurred that could have a significant impact on global business activity and the oil market: the introduction of tariff duties on imports by the Trump administration and the escalation of the conflict between Iran and Israel. The high dependence of the Russian economy on oil prices and exports (foreign demand) suggests that these events will affect domestic macroeconomic indicators. This determines the relevance of the &lt;strong&gt;goal of the work&lt;/strong&gt;: to obtain timely quantitative estimates of the effects of these events on the Russian economy through their direct channel of influence. &lt;strong&gt;The research method&lt;/strong&gt; used is the Bayesian vector autoregression approach with the identification of structural shocks based on sign restrictions. &lt;strong&gt;Based on the results&lt;/strong&gt; of assessing the effects of these events on the domestic economy under various scenarios, it was shown that as a result of the introduction of trade duties by the Trump administration, Russian GDP, investment and imports may decrease by up to 1.64%, 3.67% and 7.07%, respectively, and real incomes and wages of the population by up to 1.25% and 1.03%. It has also been demonstrated that the suspension of Iranian oil supplies to the world market due to the conflict may lead to an increase in consumption and investment in Russia (through the oil supply channel) by up to 6.17% and 9.67%, respectively, and real wage and income by up to 6.68% and 3.09%. In the unlikely but possible scenario of Iran blocking the Strait of Hormuz for a period of six months, the effect on these macro indicators is similar and increases. Thus, &lt;strong&gt;it can be concluded that&lt;/strong&gt;, under certain conditions, the trade policy pursued by Washington will have a noticeable negative effect on the domestic economy by the end of 2025 through the global demand channel, and the escalation of the conflict in the Middle East through the direct oil supply channel.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;"/><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><title>Ключевые слова</title><kwd>российская экономика</kwd><kwd>импортные пошлины (тарифы) Трампа</kwd><kwd>конфликт Ирана и Израиля</kwd><kwd>блокада Ормузского пролива</kwd><kwd>шоки мировой деловой активности</kwd><kwd>шоки предложения нефти</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Russian economy</kwd><kwd>Trump's import duties (tariffs)</kwd><kwd>Iran-Israel conflict</kwd><kwd>Strait of Hormuz blockade</kwd><kwd>global real activity shocks</kwd><kwd>oil supply shocks</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source xml:lang="en">The article was written on the basis of the RANEPA state assignment research program.</funding-source></award-group><award-group><funding-source xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения научно-исследовательской работы государственного задания РАНХиГС.</funding-source></award-group></funding-group><counts><page-count count="22"/></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-cover</meta-name><meta-value><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/public/journals/1/cover_issue_4_ru.jpg"/></meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>production-ready-file-url</meta-name><meta-value><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/jatsTemplate/download?submissionFileId=641&amp;fileId=364&amp;submissionId=182&amp;stageId=5"/></meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="R1"><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru_RU">Polbin A., Skrobotov A., Zubarev A. 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