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<article xmlns="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="eps-0.1"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">SciNotesIBI</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="ojs">SciNotesIBI</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ученые записки Международного банковского института</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the International Banking Institute</trans-title></trans-title-group><abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">Proceedings of the International Banking Institute</abbrev-journal-title><abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ученые записки Международного банковского института</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group><contrib-group/><publisher><publisher-name>Международный банковский институт</publisher-name><publisher-loc><country>RU</country><uri>https://www.ibispb.ru/</uri></publisher-loc></publisher><issn pub-type="ppub">2413-3345</issn><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI"/></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">374</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="EDN">XHGOXM</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Рациональность и эволюция фирмы в современной экономической теории</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The rationality and evolution of the firm in the modern economic theory</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group content-type="author"><contrib><name-alternatives><string-name specific-use="display">ЛУКИЧЁВ П.М.</string-name><name name-style="western" specific-use="primary"><surname>ЛУКИЧЁВ</surname><given-names>Павел Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p><strong>Doctor of Economic Sciences, professor</strong></p>
<p>Chair of Economics and Finance of Enterprises and Industries</p>
<p>Autonomous nonprofit organization of higher education «International Banking Institute»</p>
<p>191011, Nevsky pr., 60, St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><strong>д.э.н., профессор</strong></p>
<p>Кафедра экономики и финансов предприятий и отраслей</p>
<p>Автономная некоммерческая организация высшего образования «Международный банковский институт»</p>
<p>191023, Невский пр., 60 Санкт-Петербург, Россия</p></bio></contrib><contrib><name-alternatives><string-name specific-use="display">ЗАТЕВАХИНА А.В.</string-name><name name-style="western" specific-use="primary"><surname>ЗАТЕВАХИНА</surname><given-names>Анна Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p><strong>Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor</strong></p>
<p>Chair of Economics and Finance of Enterprises and Industries</p>
<p>Autonomous nonprofit organization of higher education «International Banking Institute»</p>
<p>191011, Nevsky pr., 60, St. Petersburg, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><strong>к.э.н., доцент</strong></p>
<p>Кафедра экономики и финансов предприятий и отраслей</p>
<p>Автономная некоммерческая организация высшего образования «Международный банковский институт»</p>
<p>191023, Невский пр., 60 Санкт-Петербург, Россия</p></bio></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff-1"><institution content-type="orgname">Автономная некоммерческая организация высшего образования «Международный банковский институт»</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><issue seq="3">3 (21)</issue><issue-id>35</issue-id><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><pub-history><event event-type="received"><event-desc>Received: <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-13T10:39:07+00:00"><day>13</day><month>4</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event></pub-history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2017 Ученые записки Международного банковского института</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Ученые записки Международного банковского института</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"><license-p>&lt;a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"&gt;&lt;img alt="Лицензия Creative Commons" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p&gt;Это произведение доступно по &lt;a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"&gt;лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование») 4.0 Всемирная&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/article/download/374/375/1312" content-type="application/pdf"/><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/article/view/374"/><abstract><p>В работе исследуется использование концепции рациональности в экономиче- ской теории. Концепция рациональности лежит в основе теории потребительского по- ведения и традиционной теории фирмы в mainstream экономике. На основе анализа учебной литературы и реальной бизнес-практики показаны несоответствия теоретиче- ских положений микроэкономики современности. Обосновывается сочетание иррацио- нального и рационального в поведении современного потребителя. Автор исследует положение о максимизации прибыли как цели развития фирмы в традиционной теории фирмы. Неопределенность и сложность бизнес-среды, наличие у фирмы иных целей развития, кроме максимизации прибыли, ведут к нерациональности поведения совре- менных фирм. Доказывается, что ни одна из трех предпосылок, на которых основана традиционная теория фирмы, в реальной экономике не действует. Эволюция современ- ных фирм вызвала появление альтернативных теорий фирмы. Среди них выделяются управленческие теории фирмы и поведенческие теории фирмы. Рассмотрена рискован- ность бизнеса как фактор, влияющий на принятие решений в современной фирме. В статье критикуется положение о необходимости установления фирмой равенства MC=MR. Автор обосновывает целесообразность перехода менеджеров с вертикального развития карьеры в соответствии с традиционной теорией к горизонтальному развитию в соответствии с современными альтернативными теориями фирмы. Результаты иссле- дования позволяют сделать вывод о двух причинах углубления разрыва между учебной литературой по экономике и реальной бизнес-практикой.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper explores the use of the concept of rationality in economic theory.The concept of rationality underlies the theory of consumer behavior and the traditional theory of the firm in the mainstream economy. Based on the analysis of educational literature and real business prac- tice, inconsistencies in the theoretical positions of microeconomics of our time are shown. The combination of irrational and rational in the behavior of the modern consumer is justified. The author examines the situation of profit maximization as the goal of development of the company in the traditional theory of the firm. The uncertainty and complexity of the business environment, the presence of the company's other development goals, in addition to maximizing profits, leads to irrational behavior of modern firms. It is proved that none of the three prerequisites on which the traditional theory of a firm is based in the real economy work. The evolution of modern firms has caused the emergence of alternative theories of the firm. Among them are the management theories of the firm and the behavioral theory of the firm. We consider the riskiness of the busi- ness as a factor influencing the decision-making in the company. The article criticizes the provi- sion on the need for the firm to establish the equality MC = MR. The author justifies the expedi- ency of the transition of managers from vertical career development in accordance with tradi- tional theory to horizontal development in accordance with modern alternative theories of the firm. The results of the study allow us to conclude that there are two reasons for deepening the gap between educational literature on economics and real business practice.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.35pt; line-height: 120%; margin: 2.5pt 20.95pt .0001pt .05pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;&quot;&gt;The paper explores the use of the concept of rationality in economic theory.The concept of rationality underlies the theory of consumer behavior and the traditional theory of the firm in the mainstream economy. Based on the analysis of educational literature and real business prac- tice, inconsistencies in the theoretical positions of microeconomics of our time are shown. The combination of irrational and rational in the behavior of the modern consumer is justified. The author examines the situation of profit maximization as the goal of development of the company in&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;the&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;traditional&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;theory&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;of&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;the&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;firm. The&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;uncertainty&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;and&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;complexity&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;of&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;the&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;business&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;environment, the presence of the company's other development goals, in addition to maximizing profits, leads to irrational behavior of modern firms. It is proved that none of the three prerequisites on which the traditional theory&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;of a firm is based in&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;the real&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;economy&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;work. The&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;evolution of modern firms has caused the emergence of alternative theories of the firm. Among them are the management theories of the firm and the behavioral theory of the firm. We consider the riskiness of the busi- ness as a factor influencing the decision-making in the company. The article criticizes the provi- sion on the need for the firm to establish the equality&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;MC = MR. The author justifies the expedi- ency of the transition of managers from vertical career development in accordance with tradi- tional theory to horizontal development in accordance with modern alternative theories of the firm. The results of the study allow us to conclude that there are two reasons for deepening the gap between educational literature on economics and real business practice.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;"/><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><title>Ключевые слова</title><kwd>Рациональность</kwd><kwd>фирма</kwd><kwd>максимизация продаж</kwd><kwd>традиционная теория фирмы</kwd><kwd>управленческая теория фирмы</kwd><kwd>поведенческая теория фирмы</kwd><kwd>ограниченная рациональность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Rationality</kwd><kwd>firm</kwd><kwd>sales maximization</kwd><kwd>the traditional theory of the firm</kwd><kwd>management theory of the firm</kwd><kwd>behavioral theory of the firm</kwd><kwd>bounded rationality</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source xml:lang="en">This research received no external funding.</funding-source></award-group><award-group><funding-source xml:lang="ru">Настоящее исследование не получило внешнего финансирования.</funding-source></award-group></funding-group><counts><page-count count="11"/></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-cover</meta-name><meta-value><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/public/journals/1/cover_issue_35_ru.jpg"/></meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>production-ready-file-url</meta-name><meta-value><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/jatsTemplate/download?submissionFileId=1311&amp;fileId=747&amp;submissionId=374&amp;stageId=5"/></meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="R1"><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru_RU">Самуэльсон П., Нордхаус В. 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