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<article xmlns="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="eps-0.1"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">SciNotesIBI</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="ojs">SciNotesIBI</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ученые записки Международного банковского института</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the International Banking Institute</trans-title></trans-title-group><abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="en">Proceedings of the International Banking Institute</abbrev-journal-title><abbrev-journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ученые записки Международного банковского института</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group><contrib-group/><publisher><publisher-name>Международный банковский институт</publisher-name><publisher-loc><country>RU</country><uri>https://www.ibispb.ru/</uri></publisher-loc></publisher><issn pub-type="ppub">2413-3345</issn><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI"/></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">413</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="EDN">XMDQQX</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы определения вероятности в финансовой теории и практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Probability problems in financial theory and practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group content-type="author"><contrib><name-alternatives><string-name specific-use="display">КЛЮЧНИКОВ О.И.</string-name><name name-style="western" specific-use="primary"><surname>КЛЮЧНИКОВ</surname><given-names>Олег Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p><strong>PhD in Economics</strong></p>
<p>Department of banking business</p>
<p>Nonprofit organization of higher education «International Banking Institute»</p>
<p>191023, Nevsky prospect, 60, St. Petersburg, Russia<br/>Phone: +7 921 954 98 89</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><strong>к.э.н.</strong></p>
<p>Кафедра банковского бизнеса</p>
<p>Автономная некоммерческая организация высшего образования «Международный банковский институт»</p>
<p>191023, Невский пр., 60, Санкт-Петербург, Россия<br/>Тел.: +7 921 954 98 89</p></bio></contrib><contrib><name-alternatives><string-name specific-use="display">ПАНАРИН К.А.</string-name><name name-style="western" specific-use="primary"><surname>ПАНАРИН</surname><given-names>Кирилл Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ООО Ренессанс, Санкт-Петербург, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>OOO, Renaissance, Saint-Petersburg, Russia</p></bio></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff-1"><institution content-type="orgname">Автономная некоммерческая организация высшего образования «Международный банковский институт»</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><issue seq="5">4 (22)</issue><issue-id>34</issue-id><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><pub-history><event event-type="received"><event-desc>Received: <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-13T14:48:23+00:00"><day>13</day><month>4</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event></pub-history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2017 Ученые записки Международного банковского института</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Ученые записки Международного банковского института</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"><license-p>&lt;a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"&gt;&lt;img alt="Лицензия Creative Commons" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p&gt;Это произведение доступно по &lt;a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"&gt;лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование») 4.0 Всемирная&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/article/download/413/416/1459" content-type="application/pdf"/><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/article/view/413"/><abstract><p>Развитие финансов происходит между хаосом и порядком, поэтому в финансовой теории важной задачей является поиск определенности и установление механизма, регулирующего порядок на рынке. Состояние финансовой определенности соотносится с финансовой безопасностью, а финансового хаоса - с ее нарушением. В статье предпринята попытка осуществить поиск моделей, позволяющих ориентироваться среди финансовых событий и определять уровень их вероятности. В работе сделан вывод о возможности проводить количественную оценку уровней макроэкономической финансовой определенности. Кроме того, в постановочном плане предлагается подход к разработке матрицы финансовых рисков, разрешающей осуществлять их ранжирование и прогнозирование.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In finance, probability and its nature are of great importance. In its analysis of each event is given a certain measure. In general, all finance development occurs between chaos and order. An important economic task is to find the level and mechanism of regulating the financial market. The financial certainty and randomness are associated with financial safety and financial chaos. The article suggests a method assess the probability and the level of financial safety, as well as to consider mechanisms for the spread of shocks and instability in the financial sector. The main conclusion made on the basis of the analysis of financial models - the ability to quantify the levels of macroeconomic financial safety. In addition, an article in the staging plan offers an approach to the development of financial risk matrix, which allows ranking of various risks and goes to forecasting of financial risks that may arise in the future.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en&lt;p&gt;In finance, probability and its nature are of great importance. In its analysis of each event is given a certain measure. In general, all finance development occurs between chaos and order. An important economic task is to find the level and mechanism of regulating the financial market. The financial certainty and randomness are associated with financial safety and financial chaos. The article suggests a method assess the probability and the level of financial safety, as well as to consider mechanisms for the spread of shocks and instability in the financial sector. The main conclusion made on the basis of the analysis of financial models - the ability to quantify the levels of macroeconomic financial safety. In addition, an article in the staging plan offers an approach to the development of financial risk matrix, which allows ranking of various risks and goes to forecasting of financial risks that may arise in the future.&lt;/p&gt;"/><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><title>Ключевые слова</title><kwd>финансовая безопасность</kwd><kwd>финансовая стабильность</kwd><kwd>вероятность</kwd><kwd>финансовое моделирование</kwd><kwd>финансовые инновации</kwd><kwd>теория финансов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>financial safety</kwd><kwd>financial stability</kwd><kwd>probability</kwd><kwd>financial modeling</kwd><kwd>financial innovation</kwd><kwd>financial theory</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source xml:lang="en">This research received no external funding.</funding-source></award-group><award-group><funding-source xml:lang="ru">Настоящее исследование не получило внешнего финансирования.</funding-source></award-group></funding-group><counts><page-count count="18"/></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-cover</meta-name><meta-value><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/public/journals/1/cover_issue_34_ru.jpg"/></meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>production-ready-file-url</meta-name><meta-value><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://journal.ibispb.ru/index.php/SciNotesIBI/jatsTemplate/download?submissionFileId=1454&amp;fileId=826&amp;submissionId=413&amp;stageId=5"/></meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="R1"><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru_RU">Ключников И.К. 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