Transboundary movement of capital as a threat to economic security and sustainability of social and economic development of Russia

The article considers the cross-border movement of capital in order to identify threats that affect the economic security and socio-economic development of Russia. It is well known that the safety of society is characterized by the interconnection of three components: political stability, economic prosperity, and state defense capability [19]. Central to this system is economic security. The authors conducted a study of the balance of financial resources in the period from 1994 to 2018. allow us to conclude that the income received by Russian and foreign investors in the Russian economy is often not reinvested (which could give impetus to economic growth and stimulate sustainable socio-economic development), but are exported abroad, participating in the development of other economies countries. This fact gives reason to assume a violation of the integrity of the country's economic security. Speaking on July 3, 2015 at an expanded meeting of the Security Council, V.V. Putin noted: «The strategic planning documents need to more clearly and in detail outline the main threats in this area, determine the criteria and threshold indicators of the state of the economy at which risks arise for national security, and also specify measures and mechanisms that will reduce the dependence of the economy on external not favorable factors».
The article discusses the issues of cross-border international capital movement and the impact of this process on economic security and the sustainability of Russia's socio-economic development. An assessment of capital outflows was carried out between 1994 and 2018. It has been established that the ratio of attracted direct investments to the accumulated exported capital is not optimal; this conclusion is made on the basis of the appeal to the global trends in international capital flows, as well as taking into account the Russian situation in this area. The article proposes a number of directions for improving state regulation of cross-border capital flows in Russia. This, according to the authors, will ensure the sustainability of socio-economic development and neutralize a number of threats to the country's economic security.